Análisis de Anticuerpos IgG contra el SARS-CoV-2 y Coronavirus Estacionales en Adultos Vacunados contra la COVID-19, 2021
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Introducción: La variabilidad en la respuesta inmunológica a las vacunas puede afectar su eficacia, por lo cual es importante estudiar la efectividad de los esquemas vacunales contra el SARS-CoV-2 en diferentes regiones. Objetivo: Describir niveles de IgG contra SARS-CoV-2 y coronavirus estacionales, en individuos vacunados en Armenia (Colombia) 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio realizado en 100 adultos de Armenia (Colombia) vacunados contra SARS-CoV-2 en 2021. Se empleó el estuche comercial Mikrogen™ recomLine-SARS-CoV-2 IgG para medir niveles de anticuerpos contra: nucleoproteína, proteína de espícula y dominio de unión al receptor del SARS-CoV-2, también contra nucleoproteínas de coronavirus estacionales (OC43, NL63, 229E y HKU1). Resultados: El 98% de individuos (vacunados y/o infectados), desarrollaron anticuerpos; se observó mayor nivel de anticuerpos en individuos vacunados con Pfizer. Se evidenció, que los niveles de anticuerpos disminuyeron con el aumento de la edad. Por otra parte, el 47% desarrolló anticuerpos contra coronavirus estacionales; OC43 fue la cepa más común en hombres y NL63 en mujeres. Conclusión: Las vacunas mostraron ser efectivas para inducir una respuesta immune humoral en la población de estudio; aquellos con antecedentes de infección por SARS-CoV-2 tuvieron niveles de IgG más altos. El análisis de coronavirus estacionales demuestra que esta familia viral circula con frecuencia en nuestro país.
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