Vacunación contra el COVID-19 en Bogotá, Colombia: lecciones y estrategias en pedagogía en salud, comunicación del riesgo y participación comunitaria usando ciencias del comportamiento
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La vacunación mundial contra la COVID-19 comenzó en diciembre de 2020 como un acontecimiento sin precedentes en la historia de la salud pública. Actualmente, se han administrado unos 12.000 millones de dosis, lo que constituye un esfuerzo mundial masivo para luchar contra la pandemia.
Para Junio de 2023 se ha vacunado el 70,3% de la población mundial, lo que supone casi el 80% del objetivo fijado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). A pesar de la disponibilidad de vacunas, la desinformación es una de las principales razones de las bajas coberturas de vacunación. Por lo tanto, el éxito de estas iniciativas globales, depende altamente de las estrategias para fortalecer la pedagogía en salud pública y la comunicación del riesgo.
El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar conceptos básicos, herramientas disponibles y recomendaciones para desarrollar estrategias sobre pedagogía en salud, comunicación de riesgos y participación comunitaria para promover la vacunación. Estas recomendaciones se basaron en las lecciones aprendidas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Bogotá, donde la implementación efectiva de una estrategia de comunicación oportuna, clara y dirigida, basada en principios de las ciencias del comportamiento, jugó un papel crucial en el progreso de los esfuerzos de vacunación.
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