La infección por VIH como factor de riesgo para el COVID 19: Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
Hay muchas preguntas sobre el comportamiento de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en personas que viven con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (PVVIH). No está claro si tienen un mayor riesgo de complicaciones o una mayor mortalidad que la población general. Se comparó el riesgo de infección por síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), riesgo de síntomas graves por COVID-19 y riesgo de mortalidad por COVID-19 de PVVIH con personas sin virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Se realizaron búsquedas en EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, LILACS y SCIELO desde enero de 2020 hasta marzo de 2021. Se eligieron 22 estudios de cohortes/casos y controles. Se utilizó Software Review Manager 5.4 para el metanálisis. Se identificó un mayor riesgo de mortalidad (2,07) debido a la COVID-19 entre las personas con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en comparación con las personas sin VIH. La infección por VIH es un factor de riesgo para COVID-19; debe administrarse especialmente a pacientes con carga viral alta, conteo bajo de CD4 y que actualmente no estén recibiendo terapia antiviral (TAR).
Detalles del artículo
Citas
Mellor MM, Bast AC, Jones AC, et al. Risk of adverse COVID 19 outcomes for people living with HIV: a rapid review and meta-analysis. Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, 2020,1-0 DOI: https://DOI.org/10.1101/2020.09.22.20199661.
Cooper TJ, Woodward BL,Alom S and Harky A. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) outcomes in HIV/AIDS patients: a systematic review.HIV Medicine (2020), 21, 567-77. DOI:10.1111/hiv.12911,
Wang Y, Xie Y, Nie J, Marly G, Tang W. The Interaction between HIV Infection and COVID 19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=371687 or http://dx.DOI.org/10.2139/ssrn.3716873, 1,19.
Harlyanto T, Kurniawan A. Human immunodeficiency virus and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, April 2021. ISSN: (Online) 2078- 6751, (Print), 1-7. DOI:10.4102/sajhivmed.v22i1.1220,
Ssentongo P, Heilbrunn ES, Ssentongo AE, Avani S et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID 19 in HIV infected individuals: a systematic review and meta analysis. Scientific Reports 2021. 1,12. https://DOI.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85359-3.
Baluku JB, Olum R, Agolor C, Nakakande J, et al. Prevalence, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 coinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampa Uganda. Preprint 2020, 1, 20. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.31.20118497
Mirzaei H,McFarland W, Karamouzian M, Sharif H. COVID 19 Among People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review. AIDS and Behavior. 2020,1,8. https://DOI.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02983-2.
Costenaro P, Minotti Ch, Barbieri E, Giaquinto C. et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV: a systematic review. Rev Med Virol. 2021;31:e2155. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2020, 1,8. https://DOI.org/10.1002/rmv.2155.
Lee K.W, Yap SF, Ngeow YF, Lye MS. COVID 19 in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3554. Academic Editor: Paul B. Tchounwou, 1,25. https://DOI.org/10.3390/ijerph18073554.
Shareef MA, Bashaiwth HM, AlAkbari AO, Bahamran MS, AlAmodi MO, Albaiti SH, et al. A systematic review of contemporary evidence on SARSCoV-2 and HIV coinfection: What does it look like up to date?. Avicenna J Med, 2020;10:189-97. DOI: 10.4103/ajm.ajm_175_20
Aghakishiyeva E.,Macallan D. Does HIV impact susceptibility to COVID 19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and pathology? A review of the current literatura, Institute for Infection & Immunity, St George’s, University of London, London, UK, Infection Care Group, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London,UK, Preprint 2020.1,31., DOI: https://DOI.org/10 .1101/2020.12.04.20240218,
Gao Y, Chen Y, Liu M, Shi S, Tian J. Impacts of immunosuppression and immunodeficiency on COVID 19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. The Journal of infection. 2020;81(2): e93-e5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.017.
Molina-Iturritza E, San-José-Muñiz I, Ganchegui-Aguirre M, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with HIV in the province of Araba, Basque Country, Spain. AIDS [Online]. 2020;34(11). Available from: https://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/Fulltext/2020/09010/Coronavirus disease 2019 in patients with HIV in.18.aspx.1696,97. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002608
Sachdev D, Mara E, Hsu L, Scheer S, Rutherford G, Enanoria W, et al. COVID-19 Susceptibility and Outcomes among People Living with HIV in San Francisco. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; 86(1): 19-21, 2021 01 01. DOI :10.1097/QAI.0000000000002531,
Braunstein S, Lazar R, Wahnich A, Daskalakis DC, Blackstock OJ. COVID-19 infection among people with HIV in New York City: A population level analysis of linked surveillance data, Clin Infect Dis. 2021 06 15; 72(12):e1021-e29. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1793
Cabello A, Zamarro B, Nistal S, et al. COVID-19 Disease in People Living With HIV: A Multicenter Case-Series Study. International Journal of infectious diseases 102 (2021) 310-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.060
Kalyanaraman Marcello R, Dolle J, Grami S, Adule R, Li Z, Tatem K, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients in New York City’s public hospital system. PLOS ONE 15(12): e0243027. 0243027. 2020; 1-16/journal.pone. https://DOI.org/10.1371
Tesoriero JM, Swain C-AE, Pierce JL, et al. Elevated COVID 19 outcomes among persons living with diagnosed HIV infection in New York State: Results from a population-level match of HIV, COVID-19, and hospitalization databases. medRxiv, preprint [Online]. 2020. Available from DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.04.20226118[Accessed November 2020].
Fernandez-fuertes M, Rodriguez-pineda E, Fuentes-lopez A, et al. Incidence of COVID 19 among people living with HIV in Southern Spain after one year of pandemic. Transbound Emerg Dis. Wileyonlinelibrary. com/journal/tbed, 2021;1–9. DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14293.
Boulle AA, Davies M, Hussey H, et al. Risk factors for COVID-19 death in a population cohort study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; 1-31. DOI:10.1093/cid/ciab803.
Geretti AM, Stockdale AJ, Kelly Sh, et al. Outcomes of COVID 19 related hospitalization among people with HIV in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterization Protocol (UK): a prospective observational study. Clin Infect Dis 2020. 1-11. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1605.
Nagarakanti SR, Okoh AK, Grinberg S, Bishburg E. Clinical outcomes of patients with COVID 19 and HIV coinfection. J Med Virol. 2021;93:1687–1693. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26533
Charre C, Icard V, Pradat P, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 attack rate in HIV-infected patients and in preexposure prophylaxis users. AIDS. 2020;34(12):1765–70. DOI:10.1097/QAD.0000000000002639
Miyashita H, Kuno T. Prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) in patients with HIV infection in New York City. HIV Med. 2020. British HIV Association, 1-2. DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12920
D’Souza G, Springer G, Gustafson D, et al. COVID 19 symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infection among people living with HIV in the US: the MACS/ WIHS combined cohort study. HIV Res & Clin Pract. 2020. 129-39. DOI: 10.1080/25787489.2020.1844521
Shalev N, Scherer M, LaSota ED, et al. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71:2294–97. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa635
Jiménez E, Fontán-Vela M, Valencia J, et al. Characteristics, complications and outcomes among 1549 patients hospitalised with COVID 19 in a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain: A retrospective case series study. BMJ Open. 2020;10(11):1–10. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042398
Goyal P, Choi JJ, Pinheiro LC, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Covid-19 in New York City. N Engl J Med [Online]. 2020; 382(24):2372–74. DOI:10.1056/NEJMc2010419
Karim F, Gazy I, Cele S, et al. HIV infection alters SARS-CoV-2 responsive immune parameters but not clinical outcomes in COVID 19 disease. medRxiv, preprint. 2020. Available from: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.23.20236828.
Parker A, Koegelenberg CFN, Moolla MS, et al. High HIV prevalence in an early cohort of hospital admissions with COVID 19 in Cape Town, South Africa. South African Med J. 2020;110(10):982–7. DOI: 10.7196/samj.2020.v110i10.15067
Etienne N, Karmochkine M, Slama L, et al. HIV infection and COVID 19: risk factors for severe disease. AIDS. 2020;34(12):1771–74. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002651
Hadi YB, Naqvi SFZ, Kupec JT, Sarwari AR. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with HIV: a multicentre research network study. AIDS. 2020;34(13). F3-F8. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002666
Wang Z, Zheutlin A, Kao YH, et al. Hospitalised COVID 19 patients of the Mount Sinai Health System: A retrospective observational study using the electronic medical records. BMJ Open. 2020;10(10). 1-13. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040441
Hassan Z, Hashim MJ, Khan G. Population risk factors for COVID 19 deaths in Nigeria at sub-national level. Pan Afr Med J. 2020;35(Supp 2):1–10. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2020.35.131.25258
Bastos L, Pocinho S, Machado A, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV patients: we anticipated a worse scenario. J Int Aids Soc. 2020;23(7, SI):122.
Sigel K, Swartz T, Golden E, et al. Coronavirus 2019 and People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Outcomes for Hospitalized Patients in New York City. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(11); 2933-38. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa880.
Palmieri L, Vanacore N, Donfrancesco C, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Individuals Dying with COVID 19 by Age Group in Italy. Journals Gerontol - Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020;75(9):1796–800.
Maggiolo F, Zoboli F, Arosio M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in persons living with HIV: A single center prospective cohort. J Med Virol. 2021;93(2):1145-49. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26352.
Karmen-Tuohy S, Carlucci PM, Zervou FN, et al. Outcomes Among HIVPositive Patients Hospitalized With COVID 19. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020;85(1):6–10. DOI:10.1097/QAI.0000000000002423.
Di Biagio A, Ricci E, Calza L, et al. Factors associated with hospital admission for COVID 19 in HIV patients. AIDS. 2020;34(13):1983–85. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002423
Guo W, Ming F, Dong Y, et al. A Survey for COVID-19 among HIV / AIDS Patients in Two Districts of Wuhan, China A Survey for COVID-19 among HIV / AIDS Patients in Two Districts of Wuhan, China. The Lancet Preprint, 2020. 1-19. Available from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3550029.
Argenziano MG, Bruc SL, Slate CL, et al. Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: Retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020;369(March).1-9. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m1996
Dandachi D, Geiger G, Montgomery MW, et al. Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes in a Multicentre Registry of Patients with HIV and Coronavirus Disease- 19, Clinical Infectious Diseases,2020, ciaa1339, 1-30. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1339. DOI:10.1093/cid/ciaa1339
Shekhar R, Barton A, Sheikh AB, Upadhyay S, Salas NM. Coronavirus Disease of 2019 in Patients With Well-Controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020;85(1):e1–e4. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002415
Ho H, Peluso MJ, Margus C, et al. Clinical Outcomes and Immunologic Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Infect Dis. 2021; 223(3): 403-08. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa380
Stoeckle K, Johnston CD, Jannat-Khah DP, et al. COVID 19 in hospitalized adults with HIV. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020;7(8):1–7. DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa327
Calza L, Bon I, Borderi M, et al. Covid 19 Outcomes in Patients With Uncontrolled HIV-1 Infection. JAIDS J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2021 Enero 1;86(1): e15-e17. DOI:10.1097/QAI.0000000000002537
Ridgway JP, Schmitt J, Friedman E, et al. HIV Care Continuum and COVID 19 Outcomes Among People Living with HIV During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Chicago, IL. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(10):2770–72. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-02905-2
Park LS. COVID 19 in the largest US HIV cohort. In: COVID-19 in the largest US HIV cohort. 23rd International AIDS Conference abstract LBPEC23; 2020.
Bhaskaran K, Rentsch CT, MacKenna B, Schultz A, Mehrkar A, Bates C, et al. HIV infection and COVID 19 death: population-based cohort analysis of UK primary care data and linked national death registrations within the OpenSAFELY platform. Lancet VIH. 2021 ;8(1):e24-e32. DOI:10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30305-2
Calza L, Bon I, Borderi M, Colangeli V, Viale P. No significant effect of covid-19 on immunological and virological parameters in patients with HIV-1. infection. Journal of acquired immune deficiency síndromes, 2020. 1;85(1): e6-e8. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002427
Chilimuri S, Sun H, Alemam A, Mantri N, Shehi E, Tejada J, et al. Predictors of Mortality in Adults Admitted with COVID 19: Retrospective Cohort Study from New York City. The western journal of emergency medicine. 2020;21(4):779-84. DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.6.47919
Davies M-A. HIV and risk of COVID 19 death: a population cohort study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2020: https://DOI.org/10.1101/2020.07.02.20145185.
Del Amo J, Polo R, Moreno S, Díaz A, Martínez E, Arribas JR, et al. Incidence and Severity of COVID 19 in HIV-Positive Persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2020;173(7):536-41. DOI:10.7326/M20-3689.
Gervasoni C, Meraviglia P, Riva A, Giacomelli A, Oreni L, Minisci D, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of HIV patients with coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(16):2276-78. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa579.
Huang J, Xie N, Hu X, Yan H, Ding J, Liu P, et al. Epidemiological, virological and serological features of COVID 19 cases in people living with HIV in Wuhan City: A population-based cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020.1-9. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1186.
Inciarte A, Gonzalez-Cordon A, Rojas J, Torres B, de Lazzari E, de la Mora L, et al. Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 in adults living with HIV: a single-center, prospective observational study. AIDS (London, England). 2020. 34(12): 1775–80. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002643.
Vizcarra P, Pérez-Elías MJ, Quereda C, Moreno A, Vivancos MJ, Dronda F, et al. Description of COVID 19 in HIV-infected individuals: a single-centre,prospective cohort. The lancet HIV. 2020;7(8):e554-e64. DOI: 10.1016/S2352-3018(20)30164-8.
Farinacci D, Ciccullo A, Borghetti A, Visconti E, Tamburrini E, Izzi IM, et al. People living with HIV in the CoVid-19 era: a case report. AIDS research and human retroviruses. 2020. AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, Volume 37, Number 4, 2021.DOI:10.1089/AID.2020.0149.
Gudipati S, Brar I, Murray S, McKinnon JE, Yared N, Markowitz N. Descriptive Analysis of Patients Living with HIV Affected By COVID 19. J Adquirir Immune Defic Syndr.2020; 85(2): 123–26. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002450
Lee K.W, Yap SF, Ngeow YF, Lye MS. COVID 19 in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(7), 1-25. Free PMC article. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073554.
Beck JM, Rosen MJ, Peavy HH. Pulmonary complications of HIV infection: report of the fourth NHLBI workshop. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2001;164(11):2120-6. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.11.2102047
Semenzato G. Immunology of interstitial lung diseases: cellular events taking place in the lung of sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and HIV infection. European Respiratory Journal. 1991;4(1):94-102.
Cohen C, Moyes J, Tempia S, Groom M, Walaza S, Pretorius M, et al. Severe influenza-associated respiratory infection in high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2009–2011. Emerging infectious diseases. 2013;19(11):1766-74. DOI: 10.3201/eid1911.130546
Gadelha Farias LAB, Gomes Moreira AL, Austregésilo Correa E, Landim de Oliveira Lima CA, Lopes IMP, de Holanda PEL, et al. Case Report: Coronavirus Disease and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Report of Two Cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg; 103(4): 1593–96. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0737.
Vásquez SJ. Características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la enfermedad por COVID 19 en pacientes con VIH: una revisión sistémica y metaanálisis [Tesis de Master sobre Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana- campus ESTHER], Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, 2021.
Moher D., Shamseer L., Clarke M., Ghersi D., Liberati A., Petticrew M., Shekelle P., Stewart LA Elementos de notificación preferidos para protocolos de revisión sistemática y metanálisis (PRISMA-P) Declaración de 2015. sist. Rev. 2015; 4 :1. DOI: https://dx.DOI.org/10.14306/renhyd.20.2.223.